According to the Dealogic platform, companies debuting on global stock exchanges in 2021 raised a total of $594 billion (524 billion euros). This is a record amount that hides varying fortunes.

The number of initial public offerings (IPO) jumped 51% over one year globally. On investors' appetite for risk, companies ranging from tech start-ups to SPACs - a non-operating company whose securities are issued for the purpose of making acquisitions - have flooded the market. Since the start of the year, 2,097 companies (excluding SPAC) have gone public worldwide and raised $402 billion, an amount up 81%, according to Refinitiv data.

The same source says companies in the technology and healthcare sectors accounted for 426 and 332 IPOs respectively this year, or between them nearly 42% of funds raised globally. SPACs have raised a total of around $160 billion, or 28% of total IPO proceeds in the US according to Refinitiv. SPAC's main exchange-traded fund (ETF) has lost 25% in valuation since the start of the year after peaking in February.